SPACE WATCH
NASA – Like looking for Easter eggs in a lawn of long grass, the hunt for the Milky Way’s most massive stars takes persistence and sharp eyes. In their stellar search through our Galactic backyard, astronomers have used powerful telescopes sensitive to X-ray and infrared radiation to find evidence for a substantial population of X-ray emitting massive stars.
This image shows infrared data from NASA’s Spitzer Space Telescope near the plane of the Milky Way galaxy. Both outlined boxes contain an artificially darkened view of the Spitzer data, to highlight a bright X-ray source (blue) detected at the center of each square with NASA’s Chandra X-ray Observatory. Each X-ray source coincides with a strong infrared signal.
Analysis of the X-ray and infrared data, as well as optical and radio observations, reveals that these bright sources are, in fact, extremely massive stars. Two other massive stars have also been found near the plane of the Milky Way using similar methods. Deep observations from ESA’s XMM-Newton also provided valuable information for these other two objects. All four of these stars are thought to be at least 25 times more massive than the Sun and lie between 7,500 and 18,000 light years from Earth. These stars are expected to last only a few million years and will end their lives with supernova explosions.
Finding these very massive stars is not easy. Dust and gas throughout the Milky Way obscures much of the view from optical telescopes near the plane of the galaxy. Infrared images suffer less obscuration but are extremely crowded with stars. However, these stellar behemoths shine brightly in X-ray light and easily stand out from their neighbors in Chandra images.
Why are these massive stars so bright in X-rays? Some massive stars have winds that blow material away from their surface at over 2 million miles per hour. If this high-speed material collides with the wind from a companion star, it is decelerated so suddenly that acts like it has collided with a Solar System-sized brick wall. The shock waves resulting from this enormous collision generate temperatures up to 100 million degrees, and produce copious amounts of X-rays. more> http://is.gd/Ia4Bgz
By Matthew Lynn – Split up the banks? Shut them down? Make them move elsewhere? No. The commission came up with some irrelevant, complex and hard-to-enforce rules aimed at raising capital ratios and separating their retail from investment arms.
By Peter Coy – Suppose Congress fails to raise the national debt ceiling before the federal government reaches the current limit of $14.294 trillion, which is expected sometime around May 16. How bad would it be?
